Laptops Use DC Power
All laptops use Direct Current (DC) power to operate. DC is electrical energy that flows consistently in one direction. Ideally, the power flows into the laptop. Most wall outlets use Alternating Current (AC), which varies constantly, but results in a positive flow of current. Laptops can't work on this kind of power, so an adapter is required to convert the wall outlet's current to DC power.
The adapter is the small, heavy black box connected to the cables between the laptop and wall outlet when charging the laptop battery. These devices are what make it possible for the laptop to use the AC power from a standard wall outlet. There are also DC adapters for those power outlets that do provide DC power.
Types of Adapters for Laptops
Laptops rely on two main types of power adapters for energy: the AC adapter and the DC Adapter. These adapters, also known as chargers, are what help convert the electricity from the wall outlet into a form that's usable for the laptop.
AC Adapter
The AC adapter converts AC power from a wall outlet found in most homes to the DC power used by most small appliances. Laptops, cell phones, computers, and DVD players all use DC power. This is the kind of power provided by batteries, which most laptops use to keep running when the owner is mobile.
DC Adapter
Laptops use DC power, so it doesn't seem like a DC adapter is necessary when plugging into a DC power source. However, most sources of DC power provide a voltage that is too low for the needs of a laptop. A DC power adapter is required to take that power and convert it to a higher voltage that the laptop can use to charge its battery or run. DC power sources include cars, in-flight outlets, and solar power panels or batteries.
Universal Power Adapters
Another option for laptop owners is a universal power adapter. These adapters are more expensive, but can adapt to any power source and voltage. Theoretically, universal adapters can work on any laptop. This makes them quite useful, especially among those who travel frequently and never know where their next source of power is coming from. Universal adapters also come with a variety of connector types to fit a wide range of laptops. Many laptops use different styles of connectors so it can be hard to find the best adapter to fit.
Finding the Right Model of Adapter
Since there are so many different adapters on the market, it's essential to check which type of adapter a laptop requires before purchase. Most adapters are marketed for specific brands and models of laptops. They will also list the voltage, current, and polarity of the adapter. This way, laptop owners can select the appropriate adapter for their devices. Finding the correct adapter for a laptop means checking the laptop's model number and power requirements.
- Get the laptop's model number. This is usually printed on a small sticker affixed to the underside of the laptop.
- Get the power requirements for the laptop. This is also printed on a small sticker affixed to the underside of the laptop. It may also be printed near the laptop power port. Look for the amperage and the voltage required.
- Look up the model number online to find if there are compatible adapters available. The voltage and amperage of the adapter need to match the requirements of the laptop.
- Compare the connector type of the laptop adapter to any available adapters found online. They need to match to ensure that the adapter can plug into the laptop.
Conclusion
Laptops are mobile devices, but they require power cords and adapters to charge their batteries. There are two main types of laptop adapters: AC and DC power adapters. Each one converts the electrical energy from a power source to a form that can power the laptop. These adapters need to supply the right voltage, connector type, and amperage. This is important to ensure that the laptop charges properly. There are several different types of connectors and only one type will work for any single laptop.
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